Helen Keller Essay Example For Students

Helen Keller Essay Envision an existence without having the option to see or hear and not realizing how to speak with anybody around you. That universe of dimness is the thing that Helen Keller lived in for a long time. Helen Keller has been a motivation to individuals since the time she turned six. From 1886-1960, she demonstrated herself to be an inventive and moving lady of America. She was an author and teacher who battled for the privileges of distraught individuals everywhere throughout the world. In particular, she defeated her two most troublesome snags, being visually impaired and hard of hearing. Helen Keller gave her life to improving the instruction and treatment of the visually impaired, hard of hearing, and quiet and battling for minorities too. Miss Keller was one of the first to instruct the general population and make them mindful of perpetrated people potential. In view of her industriousness and quality, she is viewed as an imaginative and one of a kind soul by numerous individuals of the world, particularly the individuals who can identify with her physical debilitations. Helen Keller was brought into the world a sound kid. At the point when Helen was 19 months old, she turned out to be sick with what was known as intense clog of the cerebrum and stomach; this is currently known as red fever. Therefore, she was left visually impaired, hard of hearing, and quiet. For a significant number of her previous years Helen lived in haziness with not many approaches to speak with others around her. Clearly her endeavors were not generally fruitful. At the point when she neglected to impart she would have tantrums and have upheaval that would agitate her, yet her family too. Due to these rough fits, she seemed, by all accounts, to be an uncontrollable youngster, yet underneath the entirety of the disaster was a future motivational figure that would astound the world with stunning and incalculable capacities. A lot of Helens achievements would not have been conceivable in the event that it werent for her mom and father. Her folks read about Samuel Gridley Howes achievements with the hard of hearing and visually impaired at the Perkins Institution in Boston. With this information, her dad carried his little girl to Alexander Graham Bell, a family companion who was notable in the public arena. Ringer was so entranced by multi year old Helen that he suggested that she contact the Perkins Institute for the Blind in Boston. Anne Sullivan, who was additionally an ongoing Perkins graduate, was proposed to be Helens instructor by Michael Anagnos. Michael Anagnos was the educator of Samuel Gridley Howe, a refined man who was having incredible achievement working with the hard of hearing and visually impaired at Perkins (Notable 389). Helens most prominent motivation and long lasting partner, Anne Sullivan, showed up at her home in Alabama in March of 1887. In only a little while, Helen discovered that everything had a name and that she could speak with others by utilizing the manual letters in order. Helen likewise found that she could utilize the manual letters in order and lip perusing to demonstrate her knowledge. The manual letters in order is a framework that contains 26 hand images, one for each letter of the letter set. It is utilized to finger spell words. Following two or three months of training, she learned many new words. In July, only four months after Sullivans appearance, Helen had the option to keep in touch with her absolute first letter to her mom. Individuals around the globe were so astonished by her achievements that her first account was composed when she was just fourteen years of age (Ashby Orhn 190). After the prior triumphs, Helen and her educator both left for the Perkins Institute for the Blind in Boston in 1888 to furnish Helen with increasingly formal training. Helen and Miss Sullivan moved to New York in 1894 with the goal for Helen to learn at the Wright Humason School for the hard of hearing. .ub31410fe0b716e6b5038101fb6b87dd0 , .ub31410fe0b716e6b5038101fb6b87dd0 .postImageUrl , .ub31410fe0b716e6b5038101fb6b87dd0 .focused content territory { min-stature: 80px; position: relative; } .ub31410fe0b716e6b5038101fb6b87dd0 , .ub31410fe0b716e6b5038101fb6b87dd0:hover , .ub31410fe0b716e6b5038101fb6b87dd0:visited , .ub31410fe0b716e6b5038101fb6b87dd0:active { border:0!important; } .ub31410fe0b716e6b5038101fb6b87dd0 .clearfix:after { content: ; show: table; clear: both; } .ub31410fe0b716e6b5038101fb6b87dd0 { show: square; progress: foundation shading 250ms; webkit-change: foundation shading 250ms; width: 100%; mistiness: 1; progress: haziness 250ms; webkit-change: darkness 250ms; foundation shading: #95A5A6; } .ub31410fe0b716e6b5038101fb6b87dd0:active , .ub31410fe0b716e6b5038101fb6b87dd0:hover { murkiness: 1; progress: obscurity 250ms; webkit-progress: obscurity 250ms; foundation shading: #2C3E50; } .ub31410fe0b716e6b5038101fb6b87dd0 .focused content zone { width: 100%; position: rela tive; } .ub31410fe0b716e6b5038101fb6b87dd0 .ctaText { outskirt base: 0 strong #fff; shading: #2980B9; text dimension: 16px; textual style weight: striking; edge: 0; cushioning: 0; text-design: underline; } .ub31410fe0b716e6b5038101fb6b87dd0 .postTitle { shading: #FFFFFF; text dimension: 16px; textual style weight: 600; edge: 0; cushioning: 0; width: 100%; } .ub31410fe0b716e6b5038101fb6b87dd0 .ctaButton { foundation shading: #7F8C8D!important; shading: #2980B9; fringe: none; outskirt sweep: 3px; box-shadow: none; text dimension: 14px; text style weight: intense; line-tallness: 26px; moz-fringe span: 3px; text-adjust: focus; text-enhancement: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-stature: 80px; foundation: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/modules/intelly-related-posts/resources/pictures/basic arrow.png)no-rehash; position: outright; right: 0; top: 0; } .ub31410fe0b716e6b5038101fb6b87dd0:hover .ctaButton { foundation shading: #34495E!important; } .ub31410fe0b716e6b5038101fb6 b87dd0 .focused content { show: table; tallness: 80px; cushioning left: 18px; top: 0; } .ub31410fe0b716e6b5038101fb6b87dd0-content { show: table-cell; edge: 0; cushioning: 0; cushioning right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-adjust: center; width: 100%; } .ub31410fe0b716e6b5038101fb6b87dd0:after { content: ; show: square; clear: both; } READ: My Academic Accomplishments EssayAnne fund-raised with the goal that her understudy could go to the Cambridge School for Young Ladies. In 1896, Helen started her investigations at Cambridge which included French, Greek, writing, science, topography, and history. She at that point proceeded to go to Radcliffe College in 1980. In 1904, she graduated cum laude and got her AB Degree (Notable 390). In addition to the fact that Helen helped the associations for the visually impaired, yet she helped people too. Helen connected with assistance a youthful multi year old kid who, similar to her, was hard of hearing, visually impaired and quiet. His n ame was Tommy Stringer. Helen persuaded Michael Anagnos to concede him into Perkins. She additionally raised a store for the little youngster. After some time, Helen has aggregated a huge measure of grants. These honors include: Brazils Order of the Southern Cross, Japans Sacred Treasure, the Philippines Golden Heart, Lebanons Gold Medal of Merit, and the Presidential Medal of Freedom. The National Institute of Arts and letters chose her participation too. In 1952, during the Louis Braille Centennial Commemoration, Helen was made a chevalier of the French Legion of Honor (Hero 2) She had at long last gotten all the acknowledgment and respect that she merited. Beside being one of the most punctual visually impaired, hard of hearing, and quiet individual to get dynamic in the public eye, Helen was additionally a creator. Her first life account, The Story of My Life, was distributed in 1902 with the assistance of Ann Sullivan and John Macy. The Story of My Life turned into an overall smash hit and was converted into fifty dialects. Before she had even graduated school in 1903, Helen composed a 7,500-word exposition called Optimism. Confidence mirrored the integrity that Helen found throughout everyday life. After she graduated in 1904, she turned out to be considerably progressively engaged with society. In 1906 Massachusetts founded its State Commission for the Blind. Gov. Curtis Guild, Jr. selected Helen to the commission (Notable 390). The World I Live In was distributed in 1909. It was an assortment of expositions about Helens impression of her general surroundings. Likewise that year, she turned into an individual from the Socialist party. She was a forceful suffragist and favored solid and decisive strategies. During this time she additionally advanced a material strike that occurred in Lawrence, Mass. The strike was driven my the Industrial Workers of the World. Being a communist made Helens life more rush and gave her life to a greater degree a reason. Her convictions were reflected through her work of this period. In 1910 A Song of the Stone Wall was distributed. This devoted sonnet was 600 lines in length. This was the remainder of her incredible sonnets. It is said that, After Anne Sullivan and John Macys marriage finished Keller never again composed with such verse power, (Notable 390). Additionally, an assortment of communist articles entitled, Out of the Dark, was distributed in 1913. Helen got dynamic in governmental issues by and by when the President surrendered lack of bias in World War I (Notable 391). She was against war and upheld the Industrial Workers of the World indeed. Helen likewise started to help numerous different developments during this time, for example, the abrogation of the death penalty and kid work, the conception prevention development, and furthermore the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People. Her contribution with this specific gathering appeared to be the most disputable and it rankled her loved ones back in her home province of Alabama. The American Foundation for the Blind was established in 1924 and approached Helen to help raise assets for the establishment. Helen consented to battle for the American Foundation for the Blind. She raised 2,000,000 dollars and spread open mindfulness (Briggs 307). In 1929, the second volume of her life account, Midstream: My Later Life, was distributed. Helen kept on changing the world during the 1930s. She started to encourage the general population in Washington for enactment for the visually impaired. She was incredibly effective and got the Pratt bill passed. The Pratt bill gave government financed perusing administrations to the visually impaired. She likewise turned into the VP of the Royal National Institute for the Blind in the United Kingdom I

Financial Analysis of the Wonderland-Free-Samples for Students

Question: Examine about the Financial Analysis of the Wonderland Construction Supplies. Answer: Presentation The fiscal summaries of any organization help in determining the money related position and the budgetary exhibition of the organization. In the given case, the budget summaries of the Wonderland Construction Supplies have been talked about and investigated for the year finishing 30th of June 2017. From the start, the budget reports have been examined as to the equalizations of each and its particular connection to other thing. Furthermore, the bookkeeping proportions including the present proportion and others have been determined and talked about and contrasted and the contenders. Thirdly, the technique received for the computation of the devaluation and strategies thereof have been talked about alongside the points of interest and impediments. Additionally in the fourth segment, stock valuation strategies have been point by point and its reasonable effect on the fiscal reports. Toward the end the interior control measures have been recorded and itemized. The report has then wound up with the suitable end summing up the entire examination. budgetary Analysis fiscal reports The fiscal report comprises of three significant explanations accounting report, salary articulation and the announcement indicating changes in value (Kothari and Ball, 2014). The monetary record of the organization delineates that the organization has the net resources of $62420 and has zero noncurrent liabilities. The pay explanation of the organization delineates that the organization has acquired the total deficit of $5580 for the period finishing 30th of June 2017 and has net benefit of $20664. The value development explanation shows that the no increments have been made in the value. Just reasonings have been made as drawings and misfortune (Subramanyam and Wild, 2009). Fiscal summaries Pay Statement first July 2016 to 30th June 2017 $ Income: Deals Revenue $ 69,120.00 Rebate Received $ 500.00 All out Revenue $ 69,620.00 Cost of Goods Sold $ 48,956.00 Net Profit $ 20,664.00 Costs: Promoting Expense $ 1,500.00 Awful Debts cost $ 116.00 Dep - Furniture $ 1,836.00 Rebate Allowed Expense $ 940.00 Wages Expense $ 5,152.00 Supplies Expense $ 365.00 Stock Loss $ 680.00 Lease Expense $ 13,200.00 Protection Expense $ 2,455.00 All out EXPENSES $ 26,244.00 Net Profit or Loss - $ 5,580.00 Asset report as at 30th June 2017 $ Current Assets: Money at Bank $ 61,442.00 Records Receivable $ 2,321.00 Arrangement for Doubtful Debts - $ 116.00 $ 2,205.00 Supplies $ 155.00 Stock $ 8,404.00 Prepaid Insurance $ 818.00 Prepaid lease $ - GST Paid $ 8,144.91 All out Current Assets $ 81,168.91 Non-current Assets: Furniture at cost $ 6,119.09 Less : Accumulated Depreciation - $ 1,836.00 $ 4,283.09 All out Non-current Assets $ 4,283.09 All out Assets $ 85,452.00 Current Liabilities: Records Payable $ 13,844.00 GST Collected $ 6,912.00 PAYG Tax Payable $ 312.00 Wages Payable $ 1,964.00 All out Current Liabilities $ 23,032.00 Non-current Liabilities: All out Non-current Liabilities $ - All out Liabilities $ 23,032.00 NET ASSETS $ 62,420.00 Proprietors' Equity: A Wonderland, Capital $ 62,420.00 All out Owners' Equity $ 62,420.00 Value Statement 30th June 2017 $ Starting Equity include Capital commitments $ 70,000.00 Less: Drawings - $ 2,000.00 Less: Loss - $ 5,580.00 Closure Equity $ 62,420.00 Budgetary Ratios Current Ratio The present proportion is determined by isolating the present resources by the present liabilities. According to the business standards, the base current proportion will be 1.30 to 1.50. As the organization has the present proportion of 3.52, which delineates that the organization has the high liquidity position (Deakin, 2016). On contrasting the present proportion and that of the contenders working in a similar industry, the organization is in the acceptable position. The contenders level for the present proportion is 1.50 to 2.70 yet the organization has crossed the greatest level and along these lines the organization has the high liquidity position. Net Profit Ratio The gross benefit proportion is determined by isolating the gross benefit figure by the business income figure. Higher the gross benefit, higher is the exchange edge that the organization acquires. In the given case, the organization has earned the gross benefit of 29.90 % (Watson, Shrives and Marston, 2002). The contenders level of gross benefit is between the 38% and 43%. The organization has not by any means crossed the base level and in this way isn't working the capacities in great way. S. No Points of interest Sum ($) Proportions 1 Current Ratio Current Assets $ 81,168.91 Current Liabilities $ 23,032.00 3.52 2 Net Profit Ratio Net Profit $ 20,664.00 Deals Revenue $ 69,120.00 29.90 Devaluation There are two strategies accessible for devaluing the advantages. One is straight line strategy and second is decreasing parity technique. Under the straight line technique, the equivalent measure of devaluation is charged over the helpful existence of the advantage while in the last strategy, the deterioration is charged on the end balance at the predefined rate. The significant distinction is that the net conveying sum under previous strategy will be zero yet in the last technique it can never be equivalent to zero. Stock The other technique for stock valuation is the First in First out (FIFO). It quantifies the end stock at the estimation of the ongoing price tag of the thing and accordingly will have the estimation of stock contingent available conditions. Inside Control Mechanisms The organization will set up the framework for the accompanying: The valuation of the stock and the physical confirmation on the periodical premise. Every day update on the money and bank position Compromise of the bank balance on regular schedule. Appropriate estimation of the devaluation, and so forth. End To close the report, every thing of the fiscal summaries assumes the significant job in the working of the organization. The organization will deal with all its working in such way that the outcomes will be in speech with the economic situations and the outcomes cited by the contenders. It is prescribed to set up the framework which can oversee and lessen the danger of any inconsistencies. Rundown Of References Deakin, E.B.,(2016), Distributions of budgetary bookkeeping proportions: some observational evidenceThe Accounting Review,51(1), pp.90-96. Kothari, S.P. what's more, Ball, R., (2014), Financial proclamation examination, Mcgrew-Hill Companies. Subramanyam, K.R. what's more, Wild, J.J.,( 2009),Financial proclamation examination. McGraw-Hill. Watson, A., Shrives, P. what's more, Marston, C., (2002), Voluntary exposure of bookkeeping proportions in the UK, The British Accounting Review,34(4), pp.289-313.

2012 Application Notes COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY - SIPA Admissions Blog

2012 Application Notes COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY - SIPA Admissions Blog Here are a few notes regarding the application and information gathering process for 2012 admission. 1. Although it is possible to access our online application at this time we do not plan on going live until September 1st.  We are still making minor changes to the data input fields.  If you have started an application recently we recommend that you not enter additional data at this time.  When the application goes live those that have started an application will not have to create a new PIN and password log in information that has been created can still be used.  To see a comprehensive list of our application requirements please click here. 2. Our recruiting schedule for the fall is still a work in progress and we hope to have everything scheduled by September 1st.  If you want to view the in progress schedule click here. 3. We will feature a series of entries that offer advice on topics related to applying on the blog so stay tuned. 4. SIPA students returning from their summer internships will be posting entries to the blog in the fall and this is a great way to learn about professional development. 5.  Information on the class starting this fall will be posted after classes start.  To see a list of the colleges/universities attended by those that started last fall click here and former employers of the class that started last fall can be accessed by clicking here.

The Orthodox Tradition in Eastern Europe Essay - 981 Words

The Orthodox Tradition in Eastern Europe After the 4th century when Constantinople emerged as a great capital and church center, tensions sometimes arose between its leaders and the bishop of Rome. After the fall of Rome to Germanic invaders in 476, the Roman pope was the only guardian of Christian universalism in the West. He began more explicitly to attribute his dominance to Rome’s being the burial place of Saint Peter, whom Jesus had called the â€Å"rock† on which the church was to be built. The Eastern Christians respected that tradition and recognized the Roman patriarch to a measure of honorable authority. But they never believed that this authority allowed the papacy to overrule another church or that it made the pope into a†¦show more content†¦Soon both the Western church and Orthodox churches began to look upon one another as having deviated from Christian truth. Other issues also became controversial. The medieval Western church increasingly banned the ordination of married men to the priesthood, customary in the Orthodox world. The Orthodox also regarded the Western preference for unleavened bread in the Eucharist as an unlawful custom. The two sides never reached any harmony because they followed different criteria of judgment: The papacy considered itself the ultimate judge in matters of faith and discipline, whereas the East invoked old tradition and the authority of councils, where the local churches spoke as equals. It is often assumed that the anathemas (excommunications) exchanged in Constantinople in 1054 between the patriarch Michael Cerularius and papal legates marked the final schism. The schism, however, actually took the form of a gradual estrangement, beginning well before 1054 and culminating in the sack of Constantinople by Western Crusaders in 1204. This action introduced a new element of political bitterness into East-West Christian relations. In the late medieval period, several attempts were made at reunion between the Catholics and the Orthodox, particularly at the councils of Lyons (1274) and Florence (1438-1439). They ended in failure. The papal claims to ultimate supremacy could not be reconciled with the conciliar principle of Orthodoxy, andShow MoreRelatedThe Schism Between The East And The West1557 Words   |  7 PagesSchism between the Latin Roman Catholic church and the Orthodox Catholic church began. 1054 CE is considered the official date of the start of the schism, but there were tensions before that date. The schism still lasts until this day. Issues that the Roman Catholics had prior to 1054 CE were well written by Pope John VIII in the letter to the Greek Patriarch Photius in 861 CE, and also the Traditions of the Latin Catholics and Eastern Orthodox around 1000 C.E. However, Pope John VIII wrote his letterRead MoreThe Schism Between The East And The West1539 Words   |  7 PagesSchism between the Lati n Roman Catholic church and the Orthodox Catholic church began. 1054 CE is considered the official date of the start of the schism, but there were tensions before that date. The schism still lasts until this day. Issues that the Roman Catholics had prior to 1054 CE were well written by Pope John VIII in the letter to the Greek Patriarch Photius in 861 CE, and also the Traditions of the Latin Catholics and Eastern Orthodox around 1000 C.E. Pope John VIII wrote his letter to PhotiusRead MoreThe Great Schism967 Words   |  4 Pageswhich the church was to be built. The Eastern Christians respected that tradition and recognized the Roman patriarch to a measure of honorable authority. But they never believed that this authority allowed the papacy to overrule another church or that it made the pope into a universally reliable figure within the larger church. 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How Charlotte Bronte Creates Sympathy for Jane in the...

How Charlotte Bronte Creates Sympathy for Jane in the First Two Chapters of the Novel Charlotte Brontes novel Jane Eyre (1848) is a story is about a ten year old orphan girl called Jane Eyre. Her circumstances are as follows; when both of her parents died within a year of her birth, leaving her into the care of her Aunt, Mrs Reed. Mrs Reed is a widow of Janes uncle, who broke her promise to late husband by mistreating Jane cruelly. Then Jane is also bullied by here three cousins, especially 14-year-old John. She is also regarded as less then a servant (chapter 2). Bronte creates sympathy for Jane in the first two chapters of the novel in various ways. These include, the settings she creates,†¦show more content†¦The background and setting of the plot is very scenic, describing the weather conditions outside as clouds so sombre and a rain so penetrating, that a further out door exercise was out of the question. The author describes the weather conditions through pathetic fallacy, where the weather portrays the mood, I never liked long walks. The miserable w eather conditions depicts the mood of the heroine Jane Eyre, it shows that she is feeling depressive just like the weather outside. We can see that from the second paragraph there are mentions of hardships for Jane, I never like long walks especially on chilly afternoons . This paragraph makes us sympathise for Jane, as she is a young orphan girl who instead of going home to a loving family is dreaded to go back to Gateshead and is saddened by the chidings of Bessie the nurseà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦ consciousness of my physical inferiority to Eliza, John and Georgina Reed. In the third paragraph, we can see Jane is left out like an outsider and only Mrs Reeds own children are allowed to dine with her. Eliza, John and Georgina were now clustered around their mama in the drawing roomà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦. Me, she had dispensed from joining the group. We feel sympathy for Jane here, as she is being treated as an outsider. In chapter two, Red Room the novel shows Janes anguish at an extreme height where she is taken away to be locked in a Red Room. We feel compassionShow MoreRelatedJane Eyre: Sympathy for Jane Essay817 Words   |  4 PagesHow does Brontà « create sympathy for the character of Jane in her novel, ‘Jane Eyre’? In the novel, ‘Jane Eyre’ Charlotte Brontà « focuses on the life of Jane, an unwanted orphan who can’t do anything right in the eyes of her aunt. When she is about nine she is sent to Lowood Institute where she is also treated as inferior by Mr Brocklehurst. Although Jane is treated so cruelly and unfairly all her life she proves everyone wrong in the end by making something of herself. There areRead More Sympathy for Jane Charlotte Brontes Jane Eyre Essay1761 Words   |  8 PagesSympathy for Jane Charlotte Brontes Jane Eyre In the first two chapters of Jane Eyre, Charlotte Bronte creates sympathy for Jane from the settings she uses like the red room, which comes up later in chapter two. Also with all the metaphors of Janes true feelings under the surface and the ways that the chapters are structured. Charlotte Bronte starts off the book straight to the point as if we just enter Janes mind at this moment in time, it is meant to draw the reader in and at onceRead More Suffering and Injustice in the Opening Chapters of Charlotte Brontà «Ã¢â‚¬â„¢s Jane Eyre3724 Words   |  15 PagesSuffering and Injustice in the Opening Chapters of Charlotte Brontà «Ã¢â‚¬â„¢s Jane Eyre At the time the novel Jane Eyre was written, it was very difficult for women writers to have their books published. Charlotte Brontà « was very aware of the problem, and cleverly changed her name to Currer Bell so the book would be accepted. Luckily for Charlotte, her novel Jane Eyre was published in October 1847, and since writing this novel, Charlotte Brontà « has become very popular, and a classic author. TheRead More The Gothic Features of Jane Eyre by Charlotte Bronte Essay3205 Words   |  13 PagesThe Gothic Features of Jane Eyre by Charlotte Bronte A Gothic novel is a type of literature, which became very popular in the late eighteenth and early nineteenth centuries. In this time, society was governed by strict moral codes. The Gothics would escape into a world of dark, supernatural and wild passions. The word Gothic meant barbarous and wild and many writers liked to involve these elements in their novels. Gothic novels were usually set in foreign countriesRead MoreHow Charlotte Bronte Uses Language Detail and Setting In The First Two Chapters Of Jane Eyre1556 Words   |  7 PagesHow Charlotte Bronte Uses Language Detail and Setting In The First Two Chapters Of Jane Eyre Jane Eyre is a novel written by Charlotte BrontÃÆ' « in the 19th century. Throughout the novel BrontÃÆ' « incorporates elements of her own personal life. A prime example of this is the inequalities between men and women. When she wrote this novel she had to use a male nom de plume so she could sell the book it was only after the novel was well known that she revealed that she wrote itRead More The Language of Slavery in Jane Eyre Essay2609 Words   |  11 Pages While Bronte’s novel is a story of one woman’s rise from dependant, patriarchal oppression to financial stability and emotional liberation, the narration of that story is often turns to the figurative representation of slavery. Bronte applies the metaphor of slavery to the domestic trials facing British women at the time. Time and again her narrative language turns to this device in order to draw parallels between slavery and other vehicles of oppression, namely gender and class. Just as the majorityRead MoreA Stereotypical Representation Of Females During Victorian Period2501 Words   |  11 Pages Daphne Du Maurier and Charlotte Brontà « present their narrators as a stereotypical representation of females during Victorian period. Throughout history the archetypes of the heroine have vastly changed from being dependant victims to independent strong females. Jane Eyre and the narrator are both oppressed by patriarchy, where men were the makers and enforcers of social and political rules. The unnamed narrator and Jane could be seen as a microcosm of their respective societies, as females wereRead MoreThe Theme Of Fire And Ice In Frankenstein1243 Words   |  5 Pagestext. Griffin provides many examples of the recurrent theme found in other works, such as Jane Eyre, written by Charlotte Brontà «, and Prometheus Unbound, written by Percy Shelley. Griffin introduces his first main supporting point by analyzing the connection between the opening chapters of Jane Eyre and Frankenstein and states that they both begin â€Å"with a drive into the polar regions† (Griffin 54). At first Jane can be described as being very perverse and forlorn. As she matures, she learns to controlRead MoreReview Of Charlotte Bronte s Jane Eyre 10879 Words   |  44 PagesNotes Jane Eyre Background of author Name: Charlotte Bronte Birth/Death: April 21, 1816 to March 31,1855 Facts that connect: Mr. Brocklehurst is based off the Reverend Carus Wilson, the man who ran Cowan Bridge. Bronte lost two of her sisters, Mary and Elizabeth, to tuberculosis at Cowan Bridge. Bronte s brother, Patrick, became addicted to drugs and alcohol before he died. Similarities: She, along with her three sisters, was sent to the Clergy Daughters School at Cowan Bridge. Charlotte Bronte

Forrest Gump Chapter Four Free Essays

string(60) " a chair with a pitcher an a glass of water in front of me\." Chapter Four Now there is a secret thing that coach Bryant an them done figgered out, an nobody sposed to mention it, even to ourselfs. They been teachin me how to catch a football pass. Ever day after practice I been workin with two goons an a quarterback, runnin out an catchin passes, runnin out an catchin passes, till I’m so exhausted my tongue hangin down to my navel. We will write a custom essay sample on Forrest Gump Chapter Four or any similar topic only for you Order Now But I gettin to where I can catch em, an Coach Bryant, he say this gonna be our â€Å"secret weapon† – like a â€Å"Adam Bomb,† or somethin, cause after a wile them other teams gonna figger out they ain’t thowin me the ball an will not be watchin for it. â€Å"Then,† Coach Bryant say, â€Å"we is gonna turn your big ass loose – six foot six, two hundrit forty pounds – an run the hundrit yards in 9.5 seconds flat. It is gonna be a sight!† Bubba an me is real good friends by now, an he heped me learn some new songs on the harmonica. Sometimes he come down to the basement and we set aroun an play along together, but Bubba say I am far better than he ever will be. I got to tell you, that if it weren’t for that harmonica music, I might of jus packed up an gone home, but it made me feel so good, I can hardly describe it. Sort of like my whole body is the harmonica an the music give me goosebumps when I play it. Mostly the trick is in the tongue, lips, fingers and how you move your neck. I think perhaps runnin after all them passes has caused my tongue to hang out longer, which is a hell of a note, so to speak. Nex Friday, I git all slicked up an Bubba lend me some hair tonic an shavin lotion an I go on over to the Student Union building. They is a big crowd there an sure enough, Jenny Curran an three or four other people is up on stage. Jenny is wearin a long dress an playin the guitar, an somebody else has a banjo an there is a guy with a bull fiddle, pluckin it with his fingers. They sound real good, an Jenny seen me back in the crowd, an smiles an points with her eyes for me to come up an set in the front. It is just beautiful, settin there on the floor listenin an watchin Jenny Curran. I was kinda thinkin that later, I would buy some divinity an see if she wanted some too. They had played for an hour or so, an everbody seemed happy an feelin good. They was playin Joan Baez music, an Bob Dylan an Peter, Paul an Mary. I was lying back with my eyes closed, listenin, an all of a sudden, I ain’t sure what happen, but I had pulled out my harmonica an was jus playin along with them. It was the strangest thing. Jenny was singin â€Å"Blowin in the Wind† an when I begun to play, she stopped for a secont, an the banjo player, he stopped too, an they get this very suprised looks on they faces, an then Jenny give a big grin an she commence to pick up the song again, an the banjo player, he stop an give me a chance to ride my harmonica for a wile, an everbody in the crowd begun to clap an cheer when I was done. Jenny come down from the stage after that an the band take a break an she say, â€Å"Forrest, what in the world? Where you learn to play that thing?† Anyhow, after that, Jenny got me to play with their band. It was ever Friday, an when there wasn’t an out of town game, I made twenty-five bucks a night. It were jus like heaven till I foun out Jenny Curran been screwin the banjo player. Unfortunately, it was not goin so good in English class. Mister Boone had called me in bout a week or so after he read my autobiography to the class and he say, â€Å"Mister Gump, I believe it is time for you to stop tryin to be amusin and start gettin serious.† He han me back an assignment I had writ on the poet Wordsworth. â€Å"The Romantic Period,† he say, â€Å"did not follow a bunch of ‘classic bullshit.’ Nor were the poets Pope and Dryden a couple of ‘turds.’ â€Å" He tell me to do the thing over again, an I’m beginnin to realize Mister Boone don’t understand I’m a idiot, but he was bout to find out. Meantime, somebody must of said somethin to somebody, cause one day my guidance counselor at the atheletic department call me in an tells me I’m excused from other classes an to report the next mornin to a Doctor Mills at the University Medical Center. Bright an early I go over there an Doctor Mills got a big stack of papers in front of him, lookin through them, an he tell me to sit down and start axin me questions. When he finished, he tell me to take off my clothes – all but my undershorts, which I breathed easier after hearin cause of what happen the last time with the Army doctors – an he commenced to studyin me real hard, lookin in my eyes an all, an bongin me on the kneecaps with a little rubber hammer. Afterward, Doctor Mills axed if I would mine comin back that afternoon an axed if I would bring my harmonica with me, cause he had heard bout it, an would I mine playin a tune for one of his medical classes? I said I would, although it seemed peculiar, even to somebody dumb as me. They was about a hundrit people in the medical class all wearin green aprons an takin notes. Doctor Mills put me up on the stage in a chair with a pitcher an a glass of water in front of me. You read "Forrest Gump Chapter Four" in category "Essay examples" He’s sayin a whole bunch of crap I don’t follow, but after a wile I get the feelin he’s talkin bout me. â€Å"Idiot savant,† he say loudly, an everbody be starin my way. â€Å"A person who cannot tie a necktie, who can barely lace up his shoes, who has the mental capacity of perhaps a six?C to ten-year-old, and – in this case – the body of, well, an Adonis.† Doctor Mills be smilin at me in a way I don’t like, but I’m stuck, I guess. â€Å"But the mind,† he says, â€Å"the mind of the idiot savant has rare pockets of brilliance, so that Forrest here can solve advanced mathematical equations that would stump any of you, and he can pick up complex musical themes with the ease of Liszt or Beethoven. Idiot savant,† he says again, sweepin his han in my direction. I ain’t sure what I’m sposed to do, but he had said for me to play somethin, so I pull out the harmonica an start playin â€Å"Puff, the Magic Dragon.† Everbody settin there watchin me like I’m a bug or somethin, an when the song’s over they still jus settin there lookin at me – don’t even clap or nothin. I figgered they don’t like it, so I stood up an said, â€Å"Thanks,† an I lef. Shit on them people. They is only two more things the rest of that school term that was even halfway important. The first was when we won the National College Football Championship an went to the Orange Bowl, an the second was when I found out Jenny Curran was screwin the banjo player. It was the night we was sposed to play at a fraternity house party at the University. We had had a terribily hard practice that afternoon, an I was so thirsty I coulda drank out of the toilet like a dog. But they was this little stow five or six blocks from the Ape Dorm an after practice I walked on up there fixin to git me some limes and some sugar an fix me a limeade like my mama used to make for me. They is a ole cross-eyed woman behin the counter an she look at me like I’m a holdup man or somethin. I’m lookin for the limes an after a wile she says, â€Å"Kin I hep you?† an I says, â€Å"I want some limes,† an she tells me they ain’t got no limes. So I axed her if they got any lemons, cause I’s thinkin a lemonade would do, but they ain’t got none of them either, or oranges or nothin. It ain’t that kind of stow. I musta look aroun maybe an hour or mo, an the woman be gettin nervous, an finally she say, â€Å"Ain’t you gonna buy nothin?† so I get a can of peaches off the shef, an some sugar, thinkin if I can’t have anythin else I can maybe make me a peachade?Cor somethin, I bout dyin of thirst. When I git back to my basement I open the can with a knife an squash the peaches up inside one of my socks an strain it into a jar. Then I put in some water an sugar an get it stirred up, but I’ll tell you what – it don’t taste nothin like a limeade – matter of fact, it taste more than anythin else like hot socks. Anyhow, I sposed to be at the fraternity house at seven o’clock an when I get there some of the fellers is settin up the stuff an all, but Jenny and the banjo guy are nowhere to be found. I assed aroun for a wile, an then I went out to get mysef some fresh air in the parkin lot. I saw Jenny’s car, an thought maybe she just get here. All the winders in the car is steamed up, so’s you can’t see inside. Well, all of a sudden I think maybe she’s in there an can’t git out, an maybe gettin that exhaust poison or somethin, so I open the door an look in. When I do, the light come on. There she is, lying on the back seat, the top of her dress pulled down an the bottom pulled up. Banjo player there too, on top of her. Jenny seen me an start screamin an flailin jus like she done in the pitcher show, an it suddenly occur to me that maybe she bein molested, so’s I grapped the banjo player by his shirt, which was all he’s got on anyhow, an snatched his ass off her. Well, it did not take no idiot to figger out that I gone an done the wrong thing again. Jesus Christ, you can’t imagine such carryin on. He cussin me, she cussin me an tryin to git her dress pulled up an down, an finally Jenny say, â€Å"Oh Forrest – how could you!† an walk off. Banjo player pick up his banjo an leave too. Anyhow, after that, it were apparent I was not welcome to play in the little band no more, an I went on back to the basement. I still couldn’t understan exactly what had been goin on, but later that night Bubba seen my light on an he stop down an when I tell him bout the thing, he say, â€Å"Good grief, Forrest, them people was makin love!† Well, I reckon I might have figgered that out mysef, but to be honest, it was not somethin I wanted to know. Sometimes, however, a man got to look at the facts. It is probly a good thing I was kep busy playin football, cause it was such a awful feelin, realizin Jenny was doin that with the banjo player, an that she probly hadn’t even a thought bout me in that regard. But by this time we was undefeated the entire season an was goin to play for the National Championship at the Orange Bowl against them corn shuckers from Nebraska. It was always a big thing when we played a team from up North cause for sure they would have colored on their side, an that be a reason for a lot of consternation from some of the guys – like my ex-roomate Curtis, for example – altho I never worried bout it mysef, on account of most of the colored I ever met be nicer to me than white people. Anyhow, we gone on down to the Orange Bowl in Miami, an come game time, we is some kind of stirred up. Coach Bryant come in the locker room an don’t say much, cept that if we want to win, we got to play hard, or somesuch, an then we be out on the field an they kicked off to us. The ball come directly to me an I grap it outta the air an run straight into a pile of Nebraska corn shucker niggers an big ole white boys that weigh about 500 pounds apiece. It were that way the whole afternoon. At halftime, they was ahead 28 to 7 an we was a forelorn an sorry lot of guys. Coach Bryant come into the dressing room an he be shakin his head like he expected all along that we was goin to let him down. Then he start drawin on the chalk board and talkin to Snake, the quarterback, an some of the others, an then he call out my name an axe me to come with him into the hallway. â€Å"Forrest,† he says, â€Å"this shit has got to stop.† His face right up against mine, an I feel his breath hot on my cheeks. â€Å"Forrest,† he say, â€Å"all year long we been runnin them pass patterns to you in secret, an you been doin great. Now we is gonna do it against them Nebraska corn jackoffs this second half, an they will be so faked out, they jockstraps gonna be danglin roun they ankles. But it is up to you, boy – so go out there an run like a wild animal is after you.† I nod my head, an then it be time to get back on the field. Everbody be hollerin an cheerin, but I sort of feel they is a unfair burden on my shoulders. What the hell, tho – that’s jus the way it is sometimes. First play when we git the ball, Snake, the quarterback, say in the huddle, â€Å"Okay, we gonna run the Forrest Series now,† an he says to me, â€Å"You jus run out twenty yards an look back, an the ball be there.† An damn if it wadn’t! Score is 28 to 14 all of a sudden. We play real good after that, cept them Nebraska corn jerkoff niggers an big ole dumb white boys, they ain’t jus settin there observin the scene. They has got some tricks of they own – mainly like runnin all over us as if we was made of cardboard or somethin. But they is still somewhat suprised that I can catch the ball, an after I catch it four or five more times, an the score is 28 to 21, they begin to put two fellers to chasin after me. However, that leave Gwinn, the end, with nobody much to chase him aroun, an he catch Snake’s pass an put us on the fifteen yard line. Weasel, the place kicker, get a field goal an the score now be 28 to 24. On the sideline, Coach Bryant come up to me an say, â€Å"Forrest, you may be a shit-for-brains, but you has got to pull this thing out for us. I will personally see that you are made President of the United States or whatever else you want, if you can jus haul that football over the goal line one more time.† He pat me on the head then, like I was a dog, an back in the game I go. The Snake, he get caught behin the line right at the first play, an the clock is runnin out fast. On the second play, he try to fake em out by handin me the ball, sted of thowin it, but bout two tons of Nebraska corn jackoff beef, black an white, fall on top of me right away. I lying there, flat on my back, thinkin what it must of been like when that netload of bananas fall on my daddy, an then I gone back in the huddle again. â€Å"Forrest,† Snake says, â€Å"I gonna fake a pass to Gwinn, but I am gonna thow the ball to you, so I want you to run down there to the cornerback an then turn right an the ball be right there.† Snake’s eyes are wild as a tiger’s. I nod my head, an do as I am tole. Sure enough, Snake heaves the ball into my hans an I be tearin toward the middle of the field with the goalposts straight ahead. But all of a sudden a giant man come flyin into me and slow me down, an then all the Nebraska corn jerkoff niggers an big ole dumb white boys in the world start grappin an gougin an stompin on me an I fall down. Damn! We ain’t got but a few yards to go fore winnin the game. When I git off my back, I see Snake got everbody line up already for the last play, on accounta we got no more time-outs. Soon as I git to my place, he calls for the snap an I run out, but he suddenly thowed the ball bout 20 feet over my head, outta bounds on purpose – to stop the clock I guess, which only has 2 or 3 seconts lef on it. Unfortunately tho, Snake done got confused about things, I spose he’s thinkin it third down an we got one more play lef, but in fact it were forth down, an so we lose the ball an also, of course, we lose the game. It sound like somethin I woulda done. Anyhow, it was extra sad for me, cause I kinda figgered Jenny Curran was probly watchin the game an maybe if I done got the ball and win the game, she try to forgive me for doin what I done to her. But that were not to be. Coach Bryant were mighty unhappy over what happen, but he suck it up an say, â€Å"Well, boys, there’s always nex year.† Cept for me, that is. That was not to be either. How to cite Forrest Gump Chapter Four, Essay examples

Structural Transformation in The Rise of Silas Lapham free essay sample

An examination of William Dean Howells novel The Rise of Silas Lapham. This paper analyzes the structural symmetry of the opening and closing scenes in The Rise of Silas Lapham by William Dean Howells in order to demonstrate the moral change that Silas Lapham has undergone. The author uses the opening and closing interviews to explore the deeper aspects of Silas morality and identity. The author also makes use of various critical reviews. The structural symmetry, which appears in the opening and closing scenes in The Rise of Silas Lapham, provides a lens through which the true transformation of Silas Lapham can be viewed. The two scenes, which both involve an interview with Colonel Lapham concerning his solidity, mirror each other in order to demonstrate the moral change that Silas has undergone. The novel is an exchange between beginnings and endings, for Silas must eventually fall in order to rise. The financial risen but morally fallen man portrayed in the opening interview becomes the morally risen but financially fallen man in the closing interview. We will write a custom essay sample on Structural Transformation in The Rise of Silas Lapham or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Thus, as Wai-Chee Dimock states in , The Economy of Pain, What makes Laphams fictive trajectory possible is a crucial and animating process of exchange: an exchange between beginnings and endings, between what he starts out with and what he ends up with (Dimock 82-83). Given this perspective, it is then essential to analyze Laphams transformation through the parallel exchange between the opening and closing scenes.

Harry Potter and the Deathly Hallows Essay

Harry Potter and the Deathly Hallows Essay Free Online Research Papers Harry Potter and the Deathly Hallows Written by J.K. Rowling Two Most Important Characters: Harry Potter The hero and main protagonist of the tale, he is now 17 and much different, maybe even unrecognizable (Had it not been for his Lighting Bolt scar) from the boy he was 7 years ago. Then he was just an average person with no knowledge of his magical abilities, his caregivers (his horrific Aunt Petunia and Uncle Vernon) had him locked in a cupboard underneath their staircase. He has now left Hogwarts School of Witchcraft and Wizardry, one year short of graduation, in pursue of the horcruxes that keep the evil Voldemort alive. Voldemort The most evil and treacherous wizard alive. He is the main antagonist of the series and to most folks in the world he is so feared that people wont even utter his name, instead refer to him as He-Who-Must-Not-Be-Named. He once was undefeatable, or so he thought, as a prophecy told him of a boy who would destroy him, he went in search of the boy. The boy happened to be Harry Potter. When he went to the house that Harry lived, where he uses the Avada Kavarda curse (which kills instantly) on both of the boys parents, when he goes to Harrys room he finds nothing more than an infant. He attempts the same curse on him as well, but it backfires. That was 17 years ago Description of Setting: Unlike the previous books in the series, this story doesnt take place at Hogwarts for the majority of the time. Instead, it is a search that spans many cities (mostly fictional) all around Europe. Summary: In the final iteration of the Harry Potter franchise, Harry along with his best-friends Ron and Hermione, must make a final stand against evil Lord Voldemort and his Death Eaters, for the fate of the world rests in their hands. All is up to them. Will they find the horcruxes that hold pieces of Voldemort soul? Will they be able to stay out of He-Who-Must-Not-Be-Nameds grasp long enough to destroy said horcruxes? Will Voldemort win the final fight and rule the Wizarding World once again? Will Harry survive? All is answered in this epic tale of Good versus Evil. Reasons Why to Read Gives an amazing end to the long running Harry Potter series that J.K. Rowling has been publishing for the past decade. Is the final book in the main series. The book is over 700 pages long and can keep you entertained for weeks. Has an epilogue that tells of the aftermath and what the world is like, nineteen years after the final chapter. Research Papers on Harry Potter and the Deathly Hallows EssayThe Masque of the Red Death Room meaningsThe Fifth HorsemanTrailblazing by Eric AndersonWhere Wild and West MeetUnreasonable Searches and SeizuresBook Review on The Autobiography of Malcolm XThe Hockey GameEffects of Television Violence on Children19 Century Society: A Deeply Divided EraComparison: Letter from Birmingham and Crito

Horned Gopher (Ceratogaulus) - Facts and Figures

Horned Gopher (Ceratogaulus) - Facts and Figures Name: Horned Gopher; also known as Ceratogaulus (Greek for horned marten); pronounced seh-RAT-oh-GALL-us Habitat: Woodlands of North America Historical Epoch: Late Miocene (10-5 million years ago) Size and Weight: About one foot long and a few pounds Diet: Plants Distinguishing Characteristics: Large head with small, beady eyes; paired horns on snout About the Horned Gopher (Ceratogaulus) One of the most improbable megafauna mammals of Miocene North America, the Horned Gopher (genus name Ceratogaulus) certainly lived up to its name: this foot-long, otherwise inoffensive gopher-like creature sported a pair of sharp horns on its snout, the only rodent ever known to have evolved such an elaborate head display. To judge by its small eyes and mole-like, long-clawed front hands, Ceratogaulus evaded the predators of its North American habitat and avoided the noonday heat by burrowing into the grounda trait shared by the prehistoric armadillo Peltephilus, the only other known horned, burrowing mammal in the fossil record. (The Horned Gopher also bears an uncanny resemblance to the mythical Jackalope, which, however, seems to have been made up out of whole cloth sometime in the 1930s.) The big question, of course, is: why did the Horned Gopher evolve horns? An amazing amount of paperwork has been expended on this mystery, the most likely answer coming to us via the process of elimination. Since both male and female Horned Gophers possessed horns of roughly the same size, these horns clearly couldnt have been a sexually selected characteristicthat is, males didnt impress females during mating season with their long hornsand the structures were oriented in such a way that they would have been of practically no use in digging. The only logical conclusion is that these horns were intended to intimidate predators; a hungry Amphicyon, for instance, might have thought twice about lunching on the bite-sized Ceratogaulus (and getting a mouthful of painful horn in the process) if a more easily swallowed creature happened to be cowering nearby.

Synecdohe, New York Movie Review Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Synecdohe, New York - Movie Review Example The movie is also based on the unique trait of representing a whole story in the part of the movie Plot, Theme and Characterization The movie depicts the life of a theatre director, played by Philip Hoffman who suffers throughout his life in various physical ailments. However his condition deteriorated as her wife departs taking the daughter with her. Throughout the movie Caden depicts the inevitability of death and holds the idea that everyone around him is already dead. It is the philosophies of death that surrounds him thought in the movie. The film uniquely portrays the self-discovery of Caden in the movie. The transition stages of Caden have been vividly described in the movie. The movie describes the four stages of Caden where he identifies the destructiveness and the constructive nature present with him. In other portions of the movie Caden’s consciousness and the urge for his wife and family grows. Caden becomes aware of himself and the archetypal spirit within him. He also undertakes a critical analysis of himself through which he understands his ego and has a complete self realization. At the end of the move his quest for his self discovery ends and realizes the truth associated with his love and life. The self-realization of Caden depicted within the movie can be traced back to the Jungian philosophy which states the four stages of self realization which has been portrayed through Caden’s role in the movie Synecdoche, New York. In order to undergo the process of self-realization Caden decides to make a play based on his own life story. The technique of using the play in the movie was a unique element used for depicting the life story. In the movie Caden is portrayed to be in a myopic state of mind which provides the justification of using the play in order to analyze the series of events which went through his life. In the play composed by Caden, the role of Caden was played by Sammy, whose role was very influential in deciding the outc ome of the play. The role played by Sammy portrayed Caden’s life in the best possible way and at some point it appeared that he overtook the original life of Caden in the movie. The actor in the play also provided suggestion regarding his role play but Caden did not agree with him. Finally in the play, Caden hands over the responsibility of the direction to an actress and he steps into the shoes of the cleaning lady of her wife. Cadens decision to play the role of cleaning lady shows the passion of his love towards her wife. It illustrates Cadens viewpoint that in order to stay close with her wife he was also ready to be the cleaning lady. It also reflects Caden’s state of mind when Adele left him and highlights the desperateness within him to get his wife back in the later stage of his life. Caden also surrendered himself to his daughter and held him to be responsible for her dying condition. The movie reached its peak when Caden describes himself to be homosexual to his daughter and takes the burden of the entire disturbance which was there in his personal life with his wife. In the play another dramatization has been provided to highlight the theme of the movie. One of the characters in the play, Hazel is shown to purchase a house which has been on fire. At the initial stage Hazel was reluctant to purchase the house as she feared that it will be the cause of her death. Ultimately Hazel

Wars and Attempts at Territorial Expansion are Often the Result of Essay

Wars and Attempts at Territorial Expansion are Often the Result of States' Rational Efforts to be Secure - Essay Example Different nations presented different strategies and reasons for war. The reasons for engagement in war and expansion of territories for different nations were diverse with the first reasons being the security dilemma. However, other nations engaged in war and expansion effort for different reasons. According to analysis of different wars that transpired within different areas of the world, the major reason for efforts to expand territories and take part in warfare was purely to make the nation or kingdom have more security compared to its enemies. This was considered a long-term assurance of safety, since the majority of the leader feared countries that had enormous population, since the populace had the capacity to provide large armies and other warfare equipments. Security was considered the most imperative aspect for any leadership mainly in the yester years since no permanent boundaries had been in place, as evident today where boundaries have been predetermined. Various wars an d expansion efforts were captured in an attempt to make certain countries secure from their enemies. The Crimean wars can be presented as one of the wars that involved expansion of territories in a bid to improve security for the attackers. ... Therefore, Russia was obtaining a solid foundation although Ottoman still possessed the greater parts of Balkan. Ottoman’s performance in the acquisition and expansion of the territories had been on a downward trend at that moment after episodes of significant conquers. The Russians were considered the protectors of the holy place for the Christians in the Ottoman’s territory. The French assisted in combating conflicts between the Christian and Orthodox thus obtaining regards from the Turks (Badem 64). In this period, Russia resolved to utilizing tension as an instrument to acquire authority over Constantinople together with the advantage it had regarding, contact with the Mediterranean. The move significantly cause panic for the French and Britain who profoundly objected the move since they had developed rivalries with Russia. They viewed the move as an upset of authority within the region. Soon after the refusal of the demands, war broke out in various areas around th e Turkish Empire. In response, Turkey established war with Russia thus leading to the large war between the two regions in the warfare of Oltenitza (Badem 99). Consequently, Russia overpowered Turkish forces through the utilization of the famous shell guns. However, the victory was short-lived with the affirmation of warfare on Russia by the Turkish allies mainly the French and the British. Turk gained further support from Austria since they had considerable opposition to the expansion plans that Russia depicted through subsequent conquers (Badem 65). Therefore, the three realized the objective of stumping Russia out of Balkans. In addition, the powers resolved to

Real Estate Bubble and Financial Crisis

Real Estate Bubble and Financial Crisis Introduction The most significant economic event in 1990s was the Financial Crisis in East Asian, which also affected the world economy in the next few decades. People probably question the specificity of the East Asian Crisis. Radelet and Sachs (1998.p.1) gave a response to this question: The East Asian financial crisis is remarkable in several ways. The crisis has hit the most rapidly growing economies in the world. It has prompted the largest financial bailouts in history. It is the sharpest financial crisis to hit the developing world since the 1982 debt crisis. It is the least anticipated financial crisis in years. In my view, Asian financial crisis is triggered by real estate bubbles. This paper is organized around the topic the collapse of real estate bubble causes Financial Crisis as below. Section 1 introduces what is real estate bubble; what are the factors inducing the occurrence of a real estate bubble; and by what measurements to identify this phenomenon. Then, Section 2 discusses the effects of real estate bubble in Financial Crisis reflect in different approaches: theoretical economic approach statistical data and historical facts. In conclusion, besides summarize the main idea of the overall contents, the exposure of the limitation of the theoretical economic approach will be mentioned. Real estate bubble The real estate bubble, also known as property or housing bubble is considered as an economic bubble, which is also a cyclical phenomenon occurs in the local or worldwide real estate market. Its prime feature is that the valuation of housing is growing swiftly, however, once the peoples financial situation and economic indicators unable to sustain such upward trend of price that follows the collapse of housing pricing. That implies a negative equity in investment for the proprietors. (Investor Dictionary. Com) There are several factors that induce the burst of the real estate bubble in Asia from 1997 to 1998. The following focuses on several main reasons: An excessive support of bank lending The developers are unable to cope with the investment of the real estate based on their own capital due to the function of this industry-capital-intensive. Thus, bank lending becomes a major source of funds. Before the mid-90s, the Asian real estate is fairly booming. However, because of the lack of a formal system of banking supervision, banks competed for developers by lowering interest rate. (Koh, Mariano, Pavlov, Phang, Tan and Wachter, 2004) Governments improper macro-guidance and control Government intervention influences the real estate bubble in two perspectives: On the one hand, the land market and economic system is not mature or perfect enough. On the other hand, it is the limitation of the land resources and the market mechanism. Therefore, inappropriate regulation contributes to the growing of the real estate bubble. (An International Comparison of the Real Estate Bubble, 2009) Some other reasons For example, the relaxed financial environment; excess international capital flows (An International Comparison of the Real Estate Bubble, 2009); excessive amount of house ownership; speculate in purchasing; and bad lending practice ( Merriam, 2009) When economists acknowledge the reasons of bubble burst, they strive to distinguish the breading real estate bubble by the measurements of financial ratios and economic indicators. That aims to prevent the bubble burst. Housing affordability index Monthly housing affordability index (HAI) is a method to identify whether housing is becoming more or less affordable for the typical household. The HAI incorporated changes in key variables affecting affordability: housing prices, interest rates, and income. The formula is: HAI= (Median Family Income/Qualifying Income)*100% HAI ratio denotes the level of affordability. When HAI ratio is high, more people are able to buy a house. (Dr. Econ, 2003) This index facilitates banks to adjust fiscal policy. Assumed that the HAI is high, banks probably adopt liberal policies to extend loans, such as decrease the lending rates. Price to earnings ratio The real estate price to earnings ratio (P/E ratio) is the basic measurement to evaluate the comparatively assessment of the equities. This ratio is determined by three factors: The price of purchasing a house; the price of renting a house; and the spending on renting a house. The formula is: Real Estate P/E Ratio: House price/ (RentExpenses) This ratio provides an intuitive analysis that how purchasing houses restricts other family expenses. (The Real Estate Bubble in the 2000s-Housing Market Indicators, n.d.) Give an example of Washington DC House P/E ratio, which provides an integrated thinking about how purchase interacts with rent. The graph below states a rapidly grow in the ratios, which implies that the speed of raising purchasing price is extremely faster than that of renting price. It seems that such increasing trend will lead to real estate bubble, if none approaches is using to control it. (Eric, 2006) Some other financial ratios or economic indicators: Such as real estate price to rent ratio; gross rental yield; ownership ratio; housing debt to income ratio; housing debt to equity ratio; or deposit to income ratio. (The Real Estate Bubble in the 2000s-Housing Market Indicators, n.d.) Real estate bubble cause Asian Financial Crisis The growing booming economy of Southeast Asia is known as the the tiger economies between the late 90s and early 20s. Counties in Southeast Asia such as Thailand, Malaysia, Singapore, Indonesia, South Korea and Hong Kong (China) were regarded as the states with the most remarkable economic growth worldwide. According to the Gross Domestic Product, it seems that economies of these states increased by 6% to 9% annually. However, good times do not last long, from June 1997 to January 1998, the burst of financial crisis this Asian miracle was dashed to the ground. In the end of 1997, collapses of the stock and currency markets in these state occurred frequently, then, at the beginning of 1998, the stock market lost more than 70% of their profits. (Hill, n.d.) In the economy system, real estate, compare with other sectors, it is the most highly leverage sector that cause a financial crisis of the utmost probability. The increasingly compound of issues or difficulties lead to the real estate deviates from the normal development. That not only generates a breeding ground of the real estate bubble, but also potential risks for financial crisis. Because of the rapidly decrease of real estate price, there was a disastrous loss of bank lending in some Asian countries, which also affects the current monetary assets. (Lanka Rating Agency Limited, n.d.) There is a theoretical economic approach (Koh, Mariano, Pavlov, Phang, Tan, and Wachter, 2006) that analysis the correlation between the return of real estate and the fluctuation in the spreading of bank loans. If the numerical value of the correlation is below zero, which indicates a phenomenon of under pricing, which prick up the exacerbation of financial crisis. This assumption could be explained though a formula, that calculates the housing price for trade: P=V () M (, s ()) +B Here are the meanings that each symbol denotes: V denotes the basic valuation of a house; M denotes the valuation of bank lending for having a mortgage on a house and the par valuation of bank lending for having a mortgage on a house with certain deposit rate; denotes the intending fluctuating level of a house; s denotes spreading of the bank loan according to certain deposit rate. Assumed that set an accurate price for mortgage, a houses marketable valuation is equivalent to par valuation, in addition, price for trade is equivalent to the basic valuation of a house. Suppose that is an independent variable, while s is a dependent variable, thus: 0 = 0 is equivalent to zero, as the spreading of the bank loan modulates according to recoup the bank for the transformations in the value as a result of the put option is included in the mortgage lending. When is equivalent to zero, it means the transformations in the growing fluctuating level of a house ( is completely spread round. However, when is below zero, it means the intending fluctuating level of a house ( has an impact on the covariance of the house return with the market. When the house price changes in response to the spreading: = 0 ; = 0 ; 0 Thus, if the growing fluctuating level of a house ( is completely spread round, then the correlation between the house price for trade and the spreading of bank loan is equivalent to zero. Furthermore, if this correlation influences the covariance between the house and the whole market is influences, it on the verge of zero. From another point of view, assumed that the spreading of the bank loan transforms according to under price rather than the intending fluctuating level of a house (, the house price changes in response to the spreading is completely distinctive: = 0; = 0; and 0 Therefore, correlation between the house price for trade and the spreading of bank loan is below zero, as following equations: = ) ) 0 These two distinctive house prices which are influenced by default spreading generate an appropriate effect of under price: Under pricing of the default risk in non-recourse lending produces a negative correlation between asset returns and changes in the default spread. Correctly pricing the default risk in non-recourse lending produces no correlation between asset returns and changes in the default spread. Countries that experience under pricing, experience larger market crashes following negative demand shocks. On the base of this theoretical economic approach, we could analyze the practical cases, in 1997 Asian Financial crisis, to support the idea that the collapse of real estate bubble causes Financial Crisis The financial crisis was began from Thailand and then extended over the whole Asian even the whole world. During that period, the characteristic of its economy is overheating with a deficit of 8% in 1997. The valuation of housing increased swiftly and collapsed swiftly. The main element that generated difficulties for financial institutions was the loans to real estate. (Hunter, Kaufman, and Krueger, 1999) According to the data from the Investment Property Databank , (Koh, Mariano, Pavlov, Phang, Tan, and Wachter, 2006) the figure below is obtained. Based on the theoretical economic approach, the numerical value of correlation below zero will lead to a result of under pricing. Such under price may cause a great amount loss of funds, which will finally deteriorate into a financial crisis. From the above figure, Thailand is the typical example that explains the real estate bubble causes financial crisis. At the beginning of the 1990s, a massive amount of foreign funds continued to flow in the Asia market until the 1997 Asian Financial Crisis started. During that period, the lower deposit interest rate in the country encouraged people to seek investment channels with higher return. Meanwhile, foreign funds benefited the growing of the real estate industry. Additionally, because bank expanded the total amount of lending though decreasing the lending rate, under pricing became uncontrollable. (Koh, Mariano, Pavlov, Phang, Tan, and Wachter, 2006) In the In 1996, Thailand loaned to the real estate sector US $160 billion, which accounted for 30% to 40% of the total lending. (Mera and Renaud, 2000) The figure below illustrates the amount of funds finance companies lend to industries related to the real estate and manufacturing from 1987 to 1996 in Thailand. It is obviously that the loans to real estate sector rapidly grew between 1989 and 1990, after that the percentage of real estate loan to the total loan maintained at a relative high level, which was between 20% and 30%. (Source: Bank of Thailand) Another support case is Malaysia. Between 1992 and 1996, over 70% of the bank lending was invested in real estate sector and stock market. (Mera and Renaud, 2000) The massive amount of funds injected into the real estate industries lead to a rapidly increase in GDP in that period. It is the fact that GDP increased by 40%, 62% 115% and 70% in Malaysia, Indonesia, Philippines and Thailand respectively, that was much greater than that in Germany (19%), United Kingdom(16%) and United States (21.5%). However, this accelerated the formation of the Asian real estate bubble. (Koh, Mariano, Pavlov, Phang, Tan, and Wachter, 2006) It shown in the below figure that Malaysia, Philippine, and Singapore also generated an negative correlation before the occurrence of financial crisis Conclusion To summarize this paper, at the beginning a briefly introduction of the real state bubble is given. In this part it includes the definition, the reasons for breeding real state bubble, for example banks compete by lower lending interest rates to excessive support the real estate industry, and governments improper macro-guidance and control. Follow that are the measurements of financial ratios and economic indicators, such as housing affordability index and price to earnings ratio, which benefit to identify the signal of bubble burst. The most important part in the paper is to analyze the relationship between the real estate bubble and the financial crisis to produce a result that the real estate bubble is a factor that triggers the start of the Asian financial crisis. A theoretical economic approach is given with some statistical data, figure and real facts of Asian financial crisis. However, there some limitations in this theoretical economic approach, that do not agree with the reality. In the above figure, Hongkong and Japan generate positive correlation, according to theory this do not according with under pricing lead to financial crisis. The fact is that Japan is a typical example to illustrate that governmental action has negative impacts on the real estate industries. The Nikkei 225 index increased rapidly from 10000 to 38916 (peak value) between 1985 and 1989. Facing this, the manager of the Bank of Japan focused on dealing with the inflation rather than shrinking monetary policy, which reflected a decrease trend in housing price. The real estate bubble burst. (Frankel and Tschoegl, 1993) This is one of the limitations of the economic approach, which need further improve.

Digital Fortress Chapter 123-126

Chapter 123 An ashen technician ran to the podium. â€Å"Tunnel block's about to go!† Jabba turned to the VR onscreen. The attackers surged forward, only a whisker away from their assault on the fifth and final wall. The databank was running out of time. Susan blocked out the chaos around her. She read Tankado's bizarre message over and over. PRIME DIFFERENCE BETWEEN ELEMENTS RESPONSIBLE FOR HIROSHIMA AND NAGASAKI â€Å"It's not even a question!† Brinkerhoff cried. â€Å"How can it have an answer?† â€Å"We need a number,† Jabba reminded. â€Å"The kill-code is numeric.† â€Å"Silence,† Fontaine said evenly. He turned and addressed Susan. â€Å"Ms. Fletcher, you've gotten us this far. I need your best guess.† Susan took a deep breath. â€Å"The kill-code entry field accepts numerics only. My guess is that this is some sort of clue as to the correct number. The text mentions Hiroshima and Nagasaki-the two cities that were hit by atomic bombs. Maybe the kill-code is related to the number of casualties, the estimated dollars of damage†¦Ã¢â‚¬  She paused a moment, rereading the clue. â€Å"The word ‘difference' seems important. The prime difference between Nagasaki and Hiroshima. Apparently Tankado felt the two incidents differed somehow.† Fontaine's expression did not change. Nonetheless, hope was fading fast. It seemed the political backdrops surrounding the two most devastating blasts in history needed to be analyzed, compared, and translated into some magic number†¦ and all within the next five minutes. Chapter 124 â€Å"Final shield under attack!† On the VR, the PEM authorization programming was now being consumed. Black, penetrating lines engulfed the final protective shield and began forcing their way toward its core. Prowling hackers were now appearing from all over the world. The number was doubling almost every minute. Before long, anyone with a computer-foreign spies, radicals, terrorists-would have access to all of the U.S. government's classified information. As technicians tried vainly to sever power, the assembly on the podium studied the message. Even David and the two NSA agents were trying to crack the code from their van in Spain. PRIME DIFFERENCE BETWEEN ELEMENTS RESPONSIBLE FORHIROSHIMA AND NAGASAKI Soshi thought aloud. â€Å"The elements responsible for Hiroshima and Nagasaki†¦ Pearl Harbor? Hirohito's refusal to†¦Ã¢â‚¬  â€Å"We need a number,† Jabba repeated, â€Å"not political theories. We're talking mathematics-not history!† Soshi fell silent. â€Å"How about payloads?† Brinkerhoff offered. â€Å"Casualties? Dollars damage?† â€Å"We're looking for an exact figure,† Susan reminded. â€Å"Damage estimates vary.† She stared up at the message. â€Å"The elements responsible†¦Ã¢â‚¬  Three thousand miles away, David Becker's eyes flew open. â€Å"Elements!† he declared. â€Å"We're talking math, not history!† All heads turned toward the satellite screen. â€Å"Tankado's playing word games!† Becker spouted. â€Å"The word ‘elements' has multiple meanings!† â€Å"Spit it out, Mr. Becker,† Fontaine snapped. â€Å"He's talking about chemical elements-not sociopolitical ones!† Becker's announcement met blank looks. â€Å"Elements!† he prompted. â€Å"The periodic table! Chemical elements! Didn't any of you see the movie Fat Man and Little Boy-about the Manhattan Project? The two atomic bombs were different. They used different fuel-different elements!† Soshi clapped her hands. â€Å"Yes! He's right! I read that! The two bombs used different fuels! One used uranium and one used plutonium! Two different elements!† A hush swept across the room. â€Å"Uranium and plutonium!† Jabba exclaimed, suddenly hopeful. â€Å"The clue asks for the difference between the two elements!† He spun to his army of workers. â€Å"The difference between uranium and plutonium! Who knows what it is?† Blank stares all around. â€Å"Come on!† Jabba said. â€Å"Didn't you kids go to college? Somebody! Anybody! I need the difference between plutonium and uranium!† No response. Susan turned to Soshi. â€Å"I need access to the Web. Is there a browser here?† Soshi nodded. â€Å"Netscape's sweetest.† Susan grabbed her hand. â€Å"Come on. We're going surfing.† Chapter 125 â€Å"How much time?† Jabba demanded from the podium. There was no response from the technicians in the back. They stood riveted, staring up at the VR. The final shield was getting dangerously thin. Nearby, Susan and Soshi pored over the results of their Web search. â€Å"Outlaw Labs?† Susan asked. â€Å"Who are they?† Soshi shrugged. â€Å"You want me to open it?† â€Å"Damn right,† she said. â€Å"Six hundred forty-seven text references to uranium, plutonium, and atomic bombs. Sounds like our best bet.† Soshi opened the link. A disclaimer appeared. The information contained in this file is strictly for academic use only. Any layperson attempting to construct any of the devices described runs the risk of radiation poisoning and/or self-explosion. â€Å"Self-explosion?† Soshi said. â€Å"Jesus.† â€Å"Search it,† Fontaine snapped over his shoulder. â€Å"Let's see what we've got.† Soshi plowed into the document. She scrolled past a recipe for urea nitrate, an explosive ten times more powerful than dynamite. The information rolled by like a recipe for butterscotch brownies. â€Å"Plutonium and uranium,† Jabba repeated. â€Å"Let's focus.† â€Å"Go back,† Susan ordered. â€Å"The document's too big. Find the table of contents.† Soshi scrolled backward until she found it. I. Mechanism of an Atomic Bomb A) Altimeter B) Air Pressure Detonator C) Detonating Heads D) Explosive Charges E) Neutron Deflector F) Uranium Plutonium G) Lead Shield H) Fuses II. Nuclear Fission/Nuclear Fusion A) Fission (A-Bomb) Fusion (H-Bomb) B) U-235, U-238, and Plutonium III. History of the Atomic Weapons A) Development (The Manhattan Project) B) Detonation 1) Hiroshima 2) Nagasaki 3) By-products of Atomic Detonations 4) Blast Zones â€Å"Section two!† Susan cried. â€Å"Uranium and plutonium! Go!† Everyone waited while Soshi found the right section. â€Å"This is it,† she said. â€Å"Hold on.† She quickly scanned the data. â€Å"There's a lot of information here. A whole chart. How do we know which difference we're looking for? One occurs naturally, one is man-made. Plutonium was first discovered by-â€Å" â€Å"A number,† Jabba reminded. â€Å"We need a number.† Susan reread Tankado's message. The prime difference between the elements†¦ the difference between†¦ we need a number†¦ â€Å"Wait!† she said. â€Å"The word ‘difference' has multiple meanings. We need a number-so we're talking math. It's another of Tankado's word games-‘difference' means subtraction.† â€Å"Yes!† Becker agreed from the screen overhead. â€Å"Maybe the elements have different numbers of protons or something? If you subtract-† â€Å"He's right!† Jabba said, turning to Soshi. â€Å"Are there any numbers on that chart? Proton counts? Half-lives? Anything we can subtract?† â€Å"Three minutes!† a technician called. â€Å"How about supercritical mass?† Soshi ventured. â€Å"It says the supercritical mass for plutonium is 35.2 pounds.† â€Å"Yes!† Jabba said. â€Å"Check uranium! What's the supercritical mass of uranium?† Soshi searched. â€Å"Um†¦ 110 pounds.† â€Å"One hundred ten?† Jabba looked suddenly hopeful. â€Å"What's 35.2 from 110?† â€Å"Seventy-four point eight,† Susan snapped. â€Å"But I don't think-â€Å" â€Å"Out of my way,† Jabba commanded, plowing toward the keyboard. â€Å"That's got to be the kill-code! The difference between their critical masses! Seventy-four point eight!† â€Å"Hold on,† Susan said, peering over Soshi's shoulder. â€Å"There's more here. Atomic weights. Neutron counts. Extraction techniques.† She skimmed the chart. â€Å"Uranium splits into barium and krypton; plutonium does something else. Uranium has 92 protons and 146 neutrons, but-â€Å" â€Å"We need the most obvious difference,† Midge chimed in. â€Å"The clue reads ‘the primary difference between the elements.' â€Å" â€Å"Jesus Christ!† Jabba swore. â€Å"How do we know what Tankado considered the primary difference?† David interrupted. â€Å"Actually, the clue reads prime, not primary.† The word hit Susan right between the eyes. â€Å"Prime!† she exclaimed. â€Å"Prime!† She spun to Jabba. â€Å"The kill-code is a prime number! Think about it! It makes perfect sense!† Jabba instantly knew Susan was right. Ensei Tankado had built his career on prime numbers. Primes were the fundamental building blocks of all encryption algorithms-unique values that had no factors other than one and themselves. Primes worked well in code writing because they were impossible for computers to guess using typical number-tree factoring. Soshi jumped in. â€Å"Yes! It's perfect! Primes are essential to Japanese culture! Haiku uses primes. Three lines and syllable counts of five, seven, five. All primes. The temples of Kyoto all have-â€Å" â€Å"Enough!† Jabba said. â€Å"Even if the kill-code is a prime, so what! There are endless possibilities!† Susan knew Jabba was right. Because the number line was infinite, one could always look a little farther and find another prime number. Between zero and a million, there were over 70,000 choices. It all depended on how large a prime Tankado decided to use. The bigger it was, the harder it was to guess. â€Å"It'll be huge.† Jabba groaned. â€Å"Whatever prime Tankado chose is sure to be a monster.† A call went up from the rear of the room. â€Å"Two-minute warning!† Jabba gazed up at the VR in defeat. The final shield was starting to crumble. Technicians were rushing everywhere. Something in Susan told her they were close. â€Å"We can do this!† she declared, taking control. â€Å"Of all the differences between uranium and plutonium, I bet only one can be represented as a prime number! That's our final clue. The number we're looking for is prime!† Jabba eyed the uranium/plutonium chart on the monitor and threw up his arms. â€Å"There must be a hundred entries here! There's no way we can subtract them all and check for primes.† â€Å"A lot of the entries are nonnumeric,† Susan encouraged. â€Å"We can ignore them. Uranium's natural, plutonium's man-made. Uranium uses a gun barrel detonator, plutonium uses implosion. They're not numbers, so they're irrelevant!† â€Å"Do it,† Fontaine ordered. On the VR, the final wall was eggshell thin. Jabba mopped his brow. â€Å"All right, here goes nothing. Start subtracting. I'll take the top quarter. Susan, you've got the middle. Everybody else split up the rest. We're looking for a prime difference.† Within seconds, it was clear they'd never make it. The numbers were enormous, and in many cases the units didn't match up. â€Å"It's apples and goddamn oranges,† Jabba said. â€Å"We've got gamma rays against electromagnetic pulse. Fissionable against unfissionable. Some is pure. Some is percentage. It's a mess!† â€Å"It's got to be here,† Susan said firmly. â€Å"We've got to think. There's some difference between plutonium and uranium that we're missing! Something simple!† â€Å"Ah†¦ guys?† Soshi said. She'd created a second document window and was perusing the rest of the Outlaw Labs document. â€Å"What is it?† Fontaine demanded. â€Å"Find something?† â€Å"Um, sort of.† She sounded uneasy. â€Å"You know how I told you the Nagasaki bomb was a plutonium bomb?† â€Å"Yeah,† they all replied in unison. â€Å"Well†¦Ã¢â‚¬  Soshi took a deep breath. â€Å"Looks like I made a mistake.† â€Å"What!† Jabba choked. â€Å"We've been looking for the wrong thing?† Soshi pointed to the screen. They huddled around and read the text: †¦the common misconception that the Nagasaki bomb was a plutonium bomb. In fact, the device employed uranium, like its sister bomb in Hiroshima. â€Å"But-† Susan gasped. â€Å"If both elements were uranium, how are we supposed to find the difference between the two?† â€Å"Maybe Tankado made a mistake,† Fontaine ventured. â€Å"Maybe he didn't know the bombs were the same.† â€Å"No.† Susan sighed. â€Å"He was a cripple because of those bombs. He'd know the facts cold.† Chapter 126 â€Å"One minute!† Jabba eyed the VR. â€Å"PEM authorization's going fast. Last line of defense. And there's a crowd at the door.† â€Å"Focus!† Fontaine commanded. Soshi sat in front of the Web browser and read aloud. †¦Nagasaki bomb did not use plutonium but rather an artificially manufactured, neutron-saturated isotope of uranium 238.† â€Å"Damn!† Brinkerhoff swore. â€Å"Both bombs used uranium. The elements responsible for Hiroshima and Nagasaki were both uranium. There is no difference!† â€Å"We're dead,† Midge moaned. â€Å"Wait,† Susan said. â€Å"Read that last part again!† Soshi repeated the text. â€Å"†¦artificially manufactured, neutron-saturated isotope of uranium 238.† â€Å"238?† Susan exclaimed. â€Å"Didn't we just see something that said Hiroshima's bomb used some other isotope of uranium?† They all exchanged puzzled glances. Soshi frantically scrolled backward and found the spot. â€Å"Yes! It says here that the Hiroshima bomb used a different isotope of uranium!† Midge gasped in amazement. â€Å"They're both uranium-but they're different kinds!† â€Å"Both uranium?† Jabba muscled in and stared at the terminal. â€Å"Apples and apples! Perfect!† â€Å"How are the two isotopes different?† Fontaine demanded. â€Å"It's got to be something basic.† Soshi scrolled through the document. â€Å"Hold on†¦ looking†¦ okay†¦Ã¢â‚¬  â€Å"Forty-five seconds!† a voice called out. Susan looked up. The final shield was almost invisible now. â€Å"Here it is!† Soshi exclaimed. â€Å"Read it!† Jabba was sweating. â€Å"What's the difference! There must be some difference between the two!† â€Å"Yes!† Soshi pointed to her monitor. â€Å"Look!† They all read the text: †¦two bombs employed two different fuels†¦ precisely identical chemical characteristics. No ordinary chemical extraction can separate the two isotopes. They are, with the exception of minute differences in weight, perfectly identical. â€Å"Atomic weight!† Jabba said, excitedly. â€Å"That's it! The only difference is their weights! That's the key! Give me their weights! We'll subtract them!† â€Å"Hold on,† Soshi said, scrolling ahead. â€Å"Almost there! Yes!† Everyone scanned the text. †¦difference in weight very slight†¦ †¦gaseous diffusion to separate them†¦ †¦10,032498X10?134 as compared to 19,39484X10?23.** â€Å"There they are!† Jabba screamed. â€Å"That's it! Those are the weights!† â€Å"Thirty seconds!† â€Å"Go,† Fontaine whispered. â€Å"Subtract them. Quickly.† Jabba palmed his calculator and started entering numbers. â€Å"What's the asterisk?† Susan demanded. â€Å"There's an asterisk after the figures!† Jabba ignored her. He was already working his calculator keys furiously. â€Å"Careful!† Soshi urged. â€Å"We need an exact figure.† â€Å"The asterisk,† Susan repeated. â€Å"There's a footnote.† Soshi clicked to the bottom of the paragraph. Susan read the asterisked footnote. She went white. â€Å"Oh†¦ dear God.† Jabba looked up. â€Å"What?† They all leaned in, and there was a communal sigh of defeat. The tiny footnote read: **12% margin of error. Published figures vary from lab to lab.

The Great Gatsby By F. Scott Fitzgerald - 989 Words

Gatsby Essay Hayden Gordon The overall theme of â€Å"The Great Gatsby† by Scott Fitzgerald is the rise and death of the â€Å"American Dream†. The theme is shown to us through the life of Nick Carraway and the high-class society of which he lives amongst. The characters continually hint at the falsified â€Å"American Dream† in their actions and viewpoints throughout the novel. This dream is built through false hopes and crushed by failed goals. The American Dream is the pursuit of prosperity and hope, and with hard work, every person is given an equal chance of achieving this dream and earning happiness. In the novel, â€Å"Great Gatsby† the â€Å"American Dream† is symbolized throughout the entire book in several characters such as Jay Gatsby and Myrtle. Both desire different ambitions, but fundamentally derive from the overall theme of the book, the â€Å"American Dream†. As a boy, Jay Gatsby ventured on luxurious trips with friend and boss, Dan Cody, on his yacht . He later inherited twenty five thousand dollars after his death, but never received it because Cody’s girlfriend took it. From that moment on, he devoted his life to making money and earning the luxurious lifestyle he always wanted. Later on while serving the military, he met Daisy, and fell madly in love with her. After Gatsby left, Daisy married Tom. In hopes to recreate the passion he felt back in the day, he decides to make her fall for him once again. Jay Gatsby then sees wealth as the solution to this problem and ventures intoShow MoreRelatedThe Great Gatsby by F. Scott Fitzgerald1393 Words   |  6 PagesF. Scott Fitzgerald was the model of the American image in the nineteen twenties. He had wealth, fame, a beautiful wife, and an adorable daughter; all seemed perfect. Beneath the gilded faà §ade, however, was an author who struggled with domestic and physical difficulties that plagued his personal life and career throughout its short span. 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The usage of the literary theories of both Biographical and Historical lenses provide a unique interpretation of the Great Gatsby centered aroundRead MoreThe Great Gatsby by F. Scott Fitzgerald845 Words   |  3 PagesIn F. Scott Fitzgerald’s novel, The Great Gatsby, colors represent a variety of symbols that relate back to the American Dream. The dream of being pure, innocent and perfect is frequently associated with the reality of corruption, violence, and affairs. Gatsby’s desire for achieving the American Dream is sought for through corruption (Schneider). The American Dream in the 1920s was perceived as a desire of w ealth and social standings. Social class is represented through the East Egg, the WestRead MoreThe Great Gatsby By F. Scott Fitzgerald Essay970 Words   |  4 Pagesrespecting and valuing Fitzgerald work in the twenty-first century? Fitzgerald had a hard time to profiting from his writing, but he was not successful after his first novel. There are three major point of this essay are: the background history of Fitzgerald life, the comparisons between Fitzgerald and the Gatsby from his number one book in America The Great Gatsby, and the Fitzgerald got influences of behind the writing and being a writer. From childhood to adulthood, Fitzgerald faced many good andRead MoreThe Great Gatsby By F. Scott Fitzgerald2099 Words   |  9 Pagesauthor to mirror his life in his book. In his previous novels F. Scott Fitzgerald drew from his life experiences. He said that his next novel, The Great Gatsby, would be different. He said, â€Å"In my new novel I’m thrown directly on purely creative work† (F. Scott Fitzgerald). He did not realize or did not want it to appear that he was taking his own story and intertwining it within his new novel. In The Great Gatsby, by F. Scott Fitzgerald, he imitates his lifestyle through the Buchanan family to demonstrateRead MoreThe Great Gatsby By F. Scott Fitzgerald1607 Words   |  7 Pages The Great Gatsby is an American novel written in 1925 by F. Scott Fitzgerald. One of the themes of the book is the American Dream. The American Dream is an idea in which Americans believe through hard work they can achieve success and prosperity in the free world. In F. Scott Fitzgerald s novel, The Great Gatsby, the American Dream leads to popularity, extreme jealousy and false happiness. Jay Gatsby’s recent fortune and wealthiness helped him earn a high social position and become one of the mostRead MoreThe Great Gatsby By F. Scott Fitzgerald1592 Words   |  7 PagesMcGowan English 11A, Period 4 9 January 2014 The Great Gatsby Individuals who approach life with an optimistic mindset generally have their goals established as their main priority. Driven by ambition, they are determined to fulfill their desires; without reluctance. These strong-minded individuals refuse to be influenced by negative reinforcements, and rely on hope in order to achieve their dreams. As a man of persistence, the wealthy Jay Gatsby continuously strives to reclaim the love of hisRead MoreThe Great Gatsby By F. Scott Fitzgerald1646 Words   |  7 PagesThe 1920s witnessed the death of the American Dream, a message immortalized in F. Scott Fitzgerald’s The Great Gatsby. Initially, the American Dream represented the outcome of American ideals, that everyone has the freedom and opportunity to achieve their dreams provided they perform honest hard work. During the 1920s, the United States experienced massive economic prosperity making the American Dream seem alive and strong. However, in Fitzgerald’s eyes, the new Am erican culture build around that