The Orthodox Tradition in Eastern Europe Essay - 981 Words

The Orthodox Tradition in Eastern Europe After the 4th century when Constantinople emerged as a great capital and church center, tensions sometimes arose between its leaders and the bishop of Rome. After the fall of Rome to Germanic invaders in 476, the Roman pope was the only guardian of Christian universalism in the West. He began more explicitly to attribute his dominance to Rome’s being the burial place of Saint Peter, whom Jesus had called the â€Å"rock† on which the church was to be built. The Eastern Christians respected that tradition and recognized the Roman patriarch to a measure of honorable authority. But they never believed that this authority allowed the papacy to overrule another church or that it made the pope into a†¦show more content†¦Soon both the Western church and Orthodox churches began to look upon one another as having deviated from Christian truth. Other issues also became controversial. The medieval Western church increasingly banned the ordination of married men to the priesthood, customary in the Orthodox world. The Orthodox also regarded the Western preference for unleavened bread in the Eucharist as an unlawful custom. The two sides never reached any harmony because they followed different criteria of judgment: The papacy considered itself the ultimate judge in matters of faith and discipline, whereas the East invoked old tradition and the authority of councils, where the local churches spoke as equals. It is often assumed that the anathemas (excommunications) exchanged in Constantinople in 1054 between the patriarch Michael Cerularius and papal legates marked the final schism. The schism, however, actually took the form of a gradual estrangement, beginning well before 1054 and culminating in the sack of Constantinople by Western Crusaders in 1204. This action introduced a new element of political bitterness into East-West Christian relations. In the late medieval period, several attempts were made at reunion between the Catholics and the Orthodox, particularly at the councils of Lyons (1274) and Florence (1438-1439). They ended in failure. The papal claims to ultimate supremacy could not be reconciled with the conciliar principle of Orthodoxy, andShow MoreRelatedThe Schism Between The East And The West1557 Words   |  7 PagesSchism between the Latin Roman Catholic church and the Orthodox Catholic church began. 1054 CE is considered the official date of the start of the schism, but there were tensions before that date. The schism still lasts until this day. Issues that the Roman Catholics had prior to 1054 CE were well written by Pope John VIII in the letter to the Greek Patriarch Photius in 861 CE, and also the Traditions of the Latin Catholics and Eastern Orthodox around 1000 C.E. 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